H.R. 151 Reported by committee Government Operations and Politics

Equal Representation Act of 2025

To require a citizenship question on the decennial census, to require reporting on certain census statistics, and to modify apportionment of Representatives to be based on United States citizens instead of all persons.

  1. Introduced
  2. Committee
  3. Passed House
  4. Passed Senate
  5. To President
  6. Became law
Sponsor Rep. Edwards, Chuck [R-NC-11] Introduced January 3, 2025 Cosponsors 66 (66 R) Latest action April 21, 2026

Summary

Equal Representation Act
This bill requires that the statement sent by the President to Congress after the decennial census indicating the number of persons in each state exclude noncitizens. (This statement is the basis for reapportionment of U.S. Representatives.)
The bill also requires any questionnaire used in the decennial census to include a checkbox or other similar option for respondents to indicate whether the respondent and each household member is (1) a U.S. citizen, (2) a U.S. national but not a citizen, (3) a non-U.S. national (alien under federal law) lawfully residing in the United States, or (4) a non-U.S. national unlawfully residing in the United States.
The Department of Commerce must make public the number of persons in each state, disaggregated by each of these four categories.

Summary by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.

Congress.gov

Actions

  1. Apr 21, 2026 Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 536.
  2. Apr 21, 2026 Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. H. Rept. 119-619.
  3. Dec 2, 2025 Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 20 - 19.
  4. Dec 2, 2025 Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held
  5. Jan 13, 2025 Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR E21)
  6. Jan 3, 2025 Referred to the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.
  7. Jan 3, 2025 Introduced in House

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